Tag: ingredient guide

Spirited Secrets of Japan

Distinctly different from sake, and don’t you dare call it soju, shochu flies under the radar in most western liquor stores, yet is Japan’s top-selling spirit. Celebrated as the country’s national spirit, the fact that it’s nearly unknown to outsiders makes it feel like a poorly kept secret, whispered between izakaya stools while being passed around openly by patrons. Hidden in plain sight, shochu is primed for greater appreciation worldwide. Complex, storied, and incredibly versatile, I’m willing to wager that it’s the bottle missing on your bar cart right now.

Distilling the Highlights of Shochu

Shochu is a distilled spirit, bottled at no more than 45% ABV, and typically ranges quite a bit less. However, 24% ABV or lower isn’t even a thing in Japan. If you’ve seen something labeled “shochu” in California at wine-cooler strength, odds are it’s either a legal workaround or just plain mislabeling. To make things more confusing, some of it has been labeled as Korean soju to comply with the law.

Critical to the identity of shochu, it must be single-distilled. Because there’s only one pass through a pot still, every element leaves a strong impression.

Shochu can be made from just three ingredients. Some go solo while others create a blend from the full trio:

  • Sweet potato (imo) – earthy, funky, rich.
  • Barley (mugi) – nutty, clean, almost toasty.
  • Rice (kome) – soft, smooth, slightly floral.

Sweet potato and barley together account for 95% of shochu sales in Japan, which says a lot about the national palate. It’s grounded, earthy, umami, and robust.

Koji Craft

No matter the foundation of the ferment, shochu owes its depth to koji, the mold-based starter that’s the catalyst for transforming sugars into alcohol. Shochu producers employ a whole spectrum, and the differences dramatically affect flavor and aroma, creating unique regional styles.

  • White Koji Starter: This is the most common type used in shochu today. What’s wild is that it was actually discovered by accident as mutation from black koji. White koji is prized for its bright, balanced acidity and the ability to work well in both spirits and fermented foods that favor a cleaner, paler appearance, like white miso or amazake. It brings a gentle sweetness to shochu and is a go-to for distillers aiming for a crisp, clean finish.
  • Yellow Koji Starter: When koji mold sporulates, it forms yellowish-green spores—these are yellow koji starters. Traditionally used in foods like miso, amazake, and shio koji, yellow koji brings light, fruity, floral notes and low acidity. While it’s a staple in sake brewing, it’s less common in shochu. It forges delicate and nuanced flavors, but is not built for high temperatures or extended aging.
  • Black Koji Starter: Indigenous to Okinawa, black koji is the backbone of awamori, the bold, funkier counterpoint to shochu. Black koji thrives in hot, humid regions thanks to its high acidity, which naturally inhibits bacteria growth and spoilage. Flavor-wise, it’s earthy, spicy, and rich, full of character and perfect for deep, complex spirits with a bit of edge.

Cheers, To Your Health!

Besides being easy on the palate, shochu is refreshingly kind to your body, relative to other spirits. That’s because it’s…

  1. Lower in calories
  2. Additive-free by law (no artificial flavorings, colors, or added sugars)
  3. Historically recommended to combat gout, thanks to its very low purine content (¡Not medical advice!)

Mix It Up

While shochu is often enjoyed straight, on the rocks, or with hot water in Japan, it plays beautifully in cocktails. Clean, nuanced, and never overpowering, it blends seamlessly into many classics. For example, in a Sour, shochu’s crisp character complements the tang of citrus without overwhelming it, offering a sophisticated balance that’s both smooth and refreshing. In a Julep, barley shochu’s nutty, toasty notes blend beautifully with fresh mint and crushed ice, giving a lighter, more layered version of the traditional mint julep. You may not think it could stand up to the strong flavors of an Old Fashioned, yet aged barley shochu is often compared to whiskey for its dark, warm, subtly smoky notes.

With shochu, the goal is not to overpower but to enhance the flavors, creating cocktails that feel refined yet approachable—perfect for those looking for something familiar but with a new, subtly complex spin.

Start Sipping Today

It’s honestly baffling that shochu doesn’t enjoy even a fraction of the same popularity overseas. In 2022, Japan produced more shochu than Mexico produced tequila, and yet, many in the US have still never heard of it. In some ways, maybe that’s the beauty of it. Shochu doesn’t need to be flashy to be great. It just needs the right moment to find you, whether it’s a quiet night at home, a dinner with friends, or a curious detour through your local Japanese market.

Hannah (BitterSweet)8 Comments

Hu-Mung-Ous Claims

Beans are the new eggs, and in the case of mung beans, I mean that literally. They’ve had the market cornered as a vital source of protein for millennia, but only now that they’re blended and bottled as a liquid egg substitute have they skyrocketed in popularity across the US. Thanks to their ability to create silky curds or fluffy omelets, these tiny legumes have become a big deal.

Aside from their headlining credit on JUST egg‘s list of ingredients though, widespread awareness seems to dwindle. Make no mistake, mung beans aren’t just JUST egg; they aren’t just a pantry staple either. Whole, split, or sprouted, mung beans bring a whole lot to the table.

Mung Beans Through the Ages

Cultivated and consumed for multiple millennia, mung beans (Vigna radiata) are believed to have originated on the Indian subcontinent, where evidence shows they have grown for well over 4,000 years. As such, mung beans were particularly prized in Southeast Asia, China, and India, where they thrived in climates otherwise inhospitable to most agriculture. Their resilience to heat and drought made them an essential crop in regions affected by monsoons and dry spells, contributing significantly to local food security.

Over time, mung beans became deeply embedded in culinary and medicinal traditions across Asia. Their ability to be sprouted, ground into flour, or eaten whole added to their versatility and made them a dietary staple across diverse cultures.

Nutrition For Days

Nutritionally rich in every form, their health benefits do vary slightly depending on how they’re processed and prepared. Whole mung beans, with their green husks intact, naturally offer the most fiber and highest levels of folate, magnesium, potassium, iron, and B vitamins. Split mung beans, commonly known as moong dal, are hulled and halved versions, which reduces the fiber content to around 8 grams per 100 grams but makes the beans significantly easier to digest and quicker to cook. Both boast impressive amounts of protein, to the tune of 23 – 24 grams per 100 grams of dry beans.

Mung bean sprouts are in a whole different category, with much less protein due to their higher water content and lower overall density. Sprouting enhances the beans’ vitamin content, particularly vitamin C, and boosts folate and vitamin K levels. Sprouting also activates enzymes that reduce anti-nutrients like phytic acid and lectins, improving the bio-availability of minerals and aiding digestion.

Cooking Tips and Tricks

Dried mung beans, whether whole or split, are easy to prepare and cook quickly compared to many other legumes. They don’t need to be soaked, though some recipes still take this step to either speed through the cooking time, or because they’ll be ground into a batter as is, without being heated first.

  • For straight-forward stove top prep, it’s as easy as combining one 1 part whole or split mung beans with 3 parts water in a medium saucepan. Bring to a boil, then reduce to a gentle simmer. Whole mung beans usually take around 35 – 45 minutes to reach that just-tender texture; split are far speedier, softening in just 20 – 30 minutes. Don’t forget to skim off any foam, and drain well.
  • In a pressure cooker, the whole process is faster than ordering takeout. Whole mung beans take about 10 – 12 minutes at high pressure, while split need just 6 – 8 minutes, followed by a natural release, and they’ll be ready to melt into whatever comforting concoction you have in mind.

Spice them up with garlic, ginger, turmeric, and beyond, but save anything acidic, like tomatoes or lime juice, for the end. Acid can make them a bit stubborn when it comes to softening. For the same reason, resist the urge to salt before cooking. Once cooked, they store beautifully in the fridge for up to five days or in the freezer for months, at least in theory. Hopefully you’ll go through them before finding out the limits of that approach.

Bean sprouts can be eaten raw, blanched, boiled, or steamed. In most cases, you’re best off grabbing a bundle from the store ready to go, but if you’re more patient, you can sprout your own at home from whole mung beans.

  • Soak them overnight, then drain and rinse twice daily in a glass jar covered with a breathable cloth. Keep the jar in a cool, dark spot, and within 3 to 5 days, you’ll have crisp, juicy sprouts ready to toss into salads, stir-fries, or spring rolls. Once sprouted to your liking, store them in the fridge and use within a few days for peak freshness.

Sweet, Savory, Spicy, Salty, Sour, and All Things In Between

Mung beans may be small, but they wear many hats in kitchens around the world, spanning comfort foods, protein boosters, and even desserts.

Whole mung beans have a more earthy flavor and hold together better than split. That means that when gently cooked, they can be chilled and tossed into salads, or simmered harder to make hearty soups. In Indian cuisine, they shine in sabut moong dal; a simple, spiced stew that simmers slowly until the beans are tender and flavorful. In Filipino munggo guisado, they’re sautéed with garlic, tomatoes, and sometimes bitter greens for a nourishing one-pot meal. Che ba mau is a popular three-color dessert in Vietnam that often includes mung bean in the form of candied bean paste as one of its key components, alongside coconut milk and agar jelly. You can also toss them into grain bowls, use them as a filling for wraps, or mash them into savory veggie patties or fritters.

Split mung beans are the go-to for creamy, comforting dishes that cook in a flash. Think dal tadka, where the cooked lentils are finished with a sizzling tempering of spices, or khichdi, the ultimate Indian comfort food made with rice, moong dal, and gentle seasonings, perfect for rainy days, sick days, or any day when you need a little edible TLC. They’re also used in savory pancakes like South Indian pesarattu, or in Burmese mohinga, a lemongrass-scented noodle soup thickened with ground mung. Bearing an uncanny resemblance to conventional chicken eggs when blended with water and scrambled, these are the key to everyone’s beloved liquid egg replacer.

Mung bean sprouts, on the other hand, are all about lightness and crunch. In Korean cuisine, they’re tossed with sesame oil and garlic to make sukju namul, a crisp, cooling side dish. In Vietnam, they’re essential to pho, adding that snap of freshness on top of a steaming bowl of noodles. You’ll also find them stir-fried with tofu in Chinese dishes, stuffed into rice paper rolls, or piled high in Thai salads. They’re great even in the most pedestrian dishes, like regular old sandwiches or grain bowls, adding a bright, juicy crunch.

Mung bean starch, as a little bonus, is used to make clear, jelly-like noodles. Known as liangfeng, occasionally it’s called “green bean jello,” in a case of poor translation. The starch is harder to find in the US, but abundantly available in most Asian markets. In smaller doses, it can be used to thicken sauces, similar to the effects of cornstarch and potato starch.

Beans and Beyond

It’s tempting to define mung beans by their most buzz-worthy uses as plant-based substitutes, but their value goes far beyond bottles and branding. Long before they found their way into liquid egg replacers, mung beans were nourishing entire cultures, quietly anchoring meals with substance, versatility, and ease. They’re not just a clever alternative, but a complete ingredient in their own right. Whether whole, split, or sprouted, mung beans meet you where you are, ready to adapt to whatever the moment (and your appetite) calls for.

Hannah (BitterSweet)9 Comments

Your Life or Your Lupins

Soybeans get all the fame and glory as the premiere meatless protein, but what if I told you there was another bean that could steal the spotlight with ease? Lupini beans are the dark horse rivals, vying for legume supremacy, almost doubling the protein content of whole soybeans. Think that soy foods are unique, chalking up tofu, soymilk, tempeh, and more as a clear soybean success story? Just wait until you see what the humble lupin can do.

The Lupin Spin

First, the confusion of naming needs to be addressed. “Lupini” is the Italian plural form referring to the seeds of the lupin plant. Lupine and lupin are both common names for the same flowering plant genus, Lupinus. The genus is part of the legume family, which also includes peanuts. There are over 200 species of lupine, though not all are edible. Some, like the beloved Texas bluebonnet, are actually poisonous. Don’t go digging up your garden in search of a feast, and on that note, be careful to keep them away from curious pets, who are more susceptible to the measured dose of poison in an unsuspecting seed.

Lupini Through History

Lupini beans are just starting to get their big break, but they’ve been around as a reliable food source since roughly 3000 BCE. Hailing from the Mediterranean and the Near East, evidence shows that the ancient the Egyptians and Romans knew the value of a good lupin when they saw it. During the Middle Ages, lupins were grown in Europe not only as a food source but also as a nitrogen-fixing crop to improve soil quality. They were commonly planted as part of crop rotations to enhance soil fertility. In the modern era, lupins have been gaining attention as a sustainable, high-protein legume now that the sweet lupin has been selectively bred for better taste and ease of consumption. Early lupins were often relegated to animal feed given their bitter nature, which also explains their slow start on the mainstream market.

The Cooking Conundrum

The biggest barrier to entry, aside from sourcing the beans to begin with, is cooking them. Even the newer “sweet” strain requires a concerted effort when it comes to cooking, in an attempt to remove more of the bitter alkaloids and break down almost impenetrably tough skins. This is also why you’ll often find them pickled, not dry or canned. Pickled lupini beans are ready to eat and infused with salty, savory flavor. The most popular brand in health food stores packages theirs in pouches; old school labels sell glass jars, found in the import section in specialty or gourmet stores.

Although you can of course buy dried lupini beans, I don’t recommend it. To beat them into submission, or some version of edibility, you would need to:

  1. Cover with cold water and soak for 24 hours.
  2. Drain, add fresh water, and simmer for 2 hours.
  3. Cool completely, drain, and add more cold water.
  4. Soak overnight. Drain and replace the water.
  5. Boil for 45 minutes – 1 hour. Drain and replace the water.
  6. Soak overnight. Drain and replace the water.
  7. Boil for 45 minutes – 1 hour. Drain and replace the water.
  8. Soak overnight. Drain and replace the water.
  9. Taste for doneness. If still bitter or gritty, repeat the boiling process.
  10. Add salt and store submerged in water, like pickles.

If you’re willing to sacrifice roughly a week of your life to this process, be my guest. You’re far more patient than me.

What Do Lupini Beans Taste Like?

I thought you’d never ask! Sweet lupins are poised to be the new edamame; large and flat as fava beans or gigante beans, yellowish tan in color, and encased in a substantial but edible skin, you can peel them or eat them as is. Mild in flavor and firm in texture, they’re an ideal bar snack served either hot or cold, and especially with a salty finish. Aside from eating them out of hand, they’re excellent tossed in salads and simmered in soups, since they won’t fall apart for anything.

Beyond The Whole Bean

Consider lupini beans for further applications beyond immediate eating gratification, and that’s where things get interesting.

  • Lupin flour holds incredible promise as a gluten-free, keto, high-protein staple, capable of creating highly nutritious pastas, cakes, cookies, breads, and more. Blended with water and seasonings, it could become a liquid egg substitute, too.
  • Lupin “rice” is an alternative to the conventional whole grain, made more like an orzo pasta for quick cooking applications.
  • Ground lupin or lupin flakes are a coarser take on flour, approximating the texture of grits or savory oatmeal when cooked.
  • Lupin milk, though rare in US markets, is taking off primarily in Europe, noted for its excellent frothing abilities in lattes, thanks to its naturally high protein content.
  • Lupin cheese is every bit as varied and versatile as the average nut cheese, ranging in texture and flavor from creamy ricotta to sliceable, buttery Havarti.
  • Lupin tempeh isn’t a stretch of the imitation, as any bean can be tempeh-fied.
  • Lupin tofu is similarly successful as a soy-free alternative, more aligned with Burmese “chickpea tofu” in preparation rather than the traditional coagulated soymilk approach.

Where Do You Get Your Protein

Okay, let’s get the protein talk out of the way. One cup of cooked lupini beans does in fact have 26 – 30 grams of complete protein, including all 9 essential amino acids. Incredibly high in fiber, they’re the only bean that has 0 grams net carbs per serving. Additionally, they’re a good source of manganese, copper, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, zinc, folate, and vitamin A.

However, there is one big nutritional red flag about lupini beans that I briefly mentioned earlier. Being part of the peanut family, those with severe peanut allergies may have similar sensitivities when exposed to lupins of any variety. If that’s the case, avoid lupins and any lupin products to be safe.

From Unknown to Unforgettable

Lupini beans have lost their harsh edge and are ready for their closeup. To get the most bang for your bean buck with a protein-packed legume, look no further. They’re versatile enough to transform from a quick fix snack to your new secret ingredient in all things baked and cooked. I think they’re the next big thing in bean technology, personally, and I’m here for it.

Hannah (BitterSweet)7 Comments

Me Oh, My Oh, Mayocoba

How can one consider beans as “food for the poor” when they’re rich in so many ways? Rich in history, rich in flavor, rich in nutrition; the only thing that cheapens them is this pervasive stigma. The only reason why Mayocoba beans haven’t blown up as the next big food trend is there’s no marketing budget for beans. Just as well, I say, because they’re more than just a flash in the pan, but an enduring staple that will long outlive TikTok and likely social media itself. They’ve already survived well over 4,000 years of tumultuous climates, both physical and political, and they’re just getting started.

A Brief History of an Ancient Bean

Indigenous to Latin America, Mayocoba beans feature prominently in Mexican and Peruvian culture. Depending on who you ask, they may also go by the names of canary (Canario) beans, yellow beans, or Peruvian (Peruano or Frijol de Peru) beans. Though strongly linked to Peruvian foodways as a reliable source of sustenance for inhabitants of the Andes, where agriculture struggles to thrive and crop yields are relatively poor, the word “Mayocoba” comes from small town in Mexico. The two countries seem to share the legumes, and their heritage, abundantly.

Patently Incorrect

Though this is a bean untroubled by passing fads, it’s not immune to controversy. In 2005, one Larry Proctor of Pod-ners L.L.C. attempted to patent the time-honored Mayocoba, claiming that the bean he called “Enola,” after his wife’s middle name, was a wholly unique specimen. Unsurprisingly and rightly so, this sparked outrage in both the agricultural and cultural communities. Critics argued that the bean, like many other heirloom crops, had long been part of indigenous and local food systems for millennia, and should never be subjected to patenting by any one entity. The idea that a traditional, widely cultivated crop could be claimed by a corporation highlighted an ongoing issue with intellectual property laws and their impact on indigenous farming communities. Fortunately, the patent application was eventually withdrawn, but the controversy raised important questions about who truly owns our food history and who gets to profit from it.

Appearance and Tasting Notes

Ranging from pale yellow to off-white, they’re not nearly as vibrant as the bird of their namesake, but shine on the plate all the same. That flaxen hue recedes further when cooked, resulting in a pot of mostly beige beans. Don’t judge a bean by its color though; these unassuming kernels are remarkably buttery and almost sweet, though fairly mild to absorb any seasonings you can throw at them. Their texture is what really makes them special: thin-skinned yet still robust enough to hold their own, Mayocoba beans are soft and creamy all the way through. You won’t get a hint of grit or graininess whether they’re kept whole or pureed.

Nutritional Prowess

Big shocker here: Mayocoba beans are healthy! Yes, just like every other legume, they’re an excellent source of complete plant protein, to the tune of 7 – 8 grams per 1/2 cup (cooked) serving. They have a similarly impressive amount of fiber, but more noteworthy is they have fewer of the gas-causing sugars that make beans difficult for some people to digest. You’ll find no such discomfort with these trusty beans. Iron, potassium, magnesium, zinc, and folate are key nutrients found in abundance, essential as part of a balanced diet.

How To Cook Mayocoba Beans

I’ve heard tales of canned Mayocoba beans but have never seen them in real life. Dried is definitely the way to go, since they’re most affordable and keep almost indefinitely. As with all beans, it’s best to check for stones or other less tasty inclusions before giving them a good rinse. From there, you have many different methods to make a hill of means.

  • Pressure Cooker: Add at least 3 times as much water to beans, seal the lid, and cook on high pressure for about 25 minutes, then let the pressure release naturally.
  • Stove Top: Cover the beans with at least 2 inches of water in a large pot and simmer for 1 1/2 – 2 hours, occasionally checking the water level and adding more as needed.
  • Slow Cooker: Use 4 – 6 times as much water as beans. Cook on low for 6 – 8 hours or high for 3 – 4 hours, adding more liquid if needed, until tender.

Culinary Creations

Mayocoba beans are now my automatic swap-in whenever I see a recipe for pinto beans. Maybe this is unfair to the hardworking pinto, but they can’t match the velvety texture of a golden canary bean. Others suggest that they’re excellent substitutes for cannellini and great northern beans. If you want more specific ideas for featuring the Mayocoba in all its glory, consider the following traditional dishes:

  • Refried beans, which needn’t even be fried once, really highlight the Mayocoba’s velvety texture. Similarly, consider trying Mayocoba hummus for a next-level bean dip.
  • Tacu-tacu, a patty made from seasoned mashed beans and rice that’s pan-fried until crispy, is an excellent way to use leftovers.
  • Sopa de Frijoles, aka bean soup, will never let you down. There are no hard and fast rules here; make yours a stew or chili, brothy or blended, basic or bounteous. These beans can do it all.
  • Ceviche de Frijoles, replacing fish with beans, makes a breezy salsa sound like a luxury. You could even serve it on a bed of greens and call it a salad, be it an entree or a side.

From Farm to Fortune

I’d like to propose that beans become the new status symbol. Do you cook your beans from dried? Do you seek out new and exciting beans, beyond the realm of the pinto, the kidney, and the black bean? It’s the inclusive club that everyone should join, with an entree fee that even bean counters can justify. Grab a bag of Mayocoba beans and you’re already in. Get cooking and share the wealth!

Hannah (BitterSweet)13 Comments